Tourism Online Test 7th Social Science Lesson 13 Questions in English

The word tourist was derived from an old English word “tourian” which refers to a person who travels out of his usual environment for not more than one year and less than 24 hours. The purpose of travel may be religious, recreation, business, historical and cultural.

The three main components of tourism are Attraction, Accessibility, Amenities. These three components are together known as A3 concept.

Natural attraction includes landscape, seascape, beaches, climatic condition and forests. Cultural attraction are historic monuments and other intellectual creations. Apart from this, cultural attractions also includes fairs and festivals. Accessibility means reachability to a particular place of attraction through various means of transportation such as road, rail, water and air. Transport decides the cost of travel and the time consumed in reaching or accessing a specific attraction.

Religious tour to Kasi (Varanasi) by Hindus, to Jerusalem by Christians and to Mecca by Muslims are few of the examples for religious tourism.

Historical Tourism focuses on visiting historically important places like museums, monuments, archaeological areas, forts, temples and so on. Angkorwat of Cambodia, Tajmahal of India and Pyramids of Egypt are some of the examples to quote for Historical Tourism.

Tourism can be divided on the basis of nature, utility, time and distance. Gastronomy refers to an aspect of cultural tourism.

Eco tourism typically involves travel to destinations where plants and animals thrive in a naturally preserved environment. Amazon rain forest, African forest safari, trekking in the slopes of Himalayas are the famous incredible Eco-friendly attractions.

Adventure tourism is a type of tourism involving travel to remote or exotic places in order to take part in physically challenging outdoor activities. For e.g. sky dive in Australia, Bungee jumping in New Zealand, mountaineering in the peaks of Himalayas, rafting in the Brahmaputra River at Arunachala Pradesh.

This type of tourism aims at enjoyment, amusement or pleasure are mainly for 'fun activity'. Waterfalls, hill stations, beaches, and amusement parks are the attractive spots for recreational tourism.

Inbound Tourism: Touring within the native country. Outbound Tourism: Touring in foreign countries.

Tourist VISA - Recreation sight-seeing Student VISA – Higher education Employment VISA – Work in a country Medical VISA – Medical treatment in a reputed hospital of a country.

International tourism is undertaken to visit the places of international importance and to gather knowledge about international culture and customs. For this, there are certain travel forms and formalities to be fulfilled by the tourists, such as passport, Visa, Foreign Currency, Air ticket, Travel insurance, and other immigration details. VISA – A document issued to a person (or) a stamp marked on the passport of a person who wants to visit other country.

India is a country known for its gentle hospitality with spicy food and culture. Visitor friendly traditions with varied life style, culture, heritage, colourful fairs and festivals are abiding attractions for the tourists. All types of land form, varied climate, rich resources for eco and adventure tourism are the versatile specialty of India.

Most famous religious spots of India are as follows: Rameswaram - Tamil Nadu, Kanchipuram - Tamil Nadu, Varanasi(Kasi) – Uttarpradesh, Saranath – Uttarpradesh, Vaishnavadevi temple - Jammu & Kashmir, St. Francis Xavier Cathedral – Goa, Amritsar – Punjab, Monasteries of Ladakh - Jammu & Kashmir

The Indian sub-continent has seven principal mountains ranges and the largest of all is the Himalayas that lie in the northern part of India.

Most of the Himalayan hill stations in India are located in states of Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim, West Bengal, Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland and Meghalaya.

The beautiful hill stations in India Kodaikanal, Ooty - Tamil Nadu Nainital, Mussoorie - Uttarakhand Darjeeling - West Bengal Gulmarg - Jammu & Kashmir Shillong - Meghalaya Shimla, Manali - Himachal pradesh Munnar - Kerala Gangtok – Sikkim

ITC – Inclusive Tour Charter IATA – International Air Transport Association IATO – Indian Association of Tour Operators TAAI - Travel Agents Association of India TTTHA - Tamil Nadu Tour Travel and Hospitality Association TTDC – Tamil Nadu Tourism Development Corporation.

In India there are many spectacular and wonderful waterfalls covered by dense forest, huge walls of rock and lush green trees. Among these waterfalls, some are seasonal, while some are perennial. Few of the amazing waterfalls are in swing during the monsoon season. This season brings lot of tourists to these bubbling waterfall sites.

Thalaiyar waterfalls is Horse tail type located in Dindugul district of Tamil Nadu in India

Aathirappally waterfalls is the Niagara of India, which is located in Thrissur district of Kerala.

Talakona waterfalls is the highest waterfall in Andhra Pradesh. A lot of medicinal herbs are seen around the region.

Nohkalikai waterfalls is the Tallest plunge type of waterfall situated in the East khasi hill district of Meghalaya.

Jog water falls is Segmented waterfall (Raja, Rani and thunder) located in Shimogo district of Karnataka.

India possesses a wide range of forests and grasslands. Diversity of these lands makes it one of the hot-spot for flora and fauna.

The dense and dark forest of Indian States provides suitable habitat for a wide and an unique variety of animals and birds. Royal Bengal Tigers, Indian Lions, Elephants, Rhinoceros, Indian leopard and Reptiles are the major tourist attractions.

Bird sanctuaries attract attention for their exclusive variety of birds. Diverse range of climate of India invite birds from remote places to feed, breed and to nurture their young ones in the Indian bird sanctuaries.

Push factors in Tourism are Prestige Pull factors in Tourism are Amenities.

Mudumalai wildlife sanctuary is located in Tamil Nadu. The animals found are Tiger, Elephant, Bison, Deer.

Kanha National Park is located in Madhya Pradesh. The animal found here is Swamp Deer.

Ranthambor National Park is located in Rajasthan and the animal found here is Tiger. Kanha National Park is located in Madhya Pradesh. The animal found here is Swamp Deer.

Periyar National Park is located in Kerala and the animals found here are Elephant, Deer.

Bhadra Wildlife Sanctuary is located in Karnataka and the animals found here are Bison, Leopard and Gaur.

Bharatpur bird sanctuary is locate in Rajasthan. Mayani bird sanctuary is located in Maharashtra.

Uppalapadu bird sanctuary is located in Andhra Pradesh. Kumarakom bird sanctuary is located in Kerala.

Nal Sarovar bird sanctuary is located in Gujarat. Nawabganj bird sanctuary is located in Uttar Pradesh.

India is a country with 7517 km long coastline comprising the most beautiful beaches bounded by Arabian sea and Bay of Bengal. Indian beaches are enriched with diverse coastal land forms filled with aquatic flora and fauna.

Dhanushkodi is located in Tamil Nadu. It is famous for its Turquoise blue sea water Geographical feature.

Tarkarli Beach is located in Maharashtia with Coral reefs and marine adventure as its Geographical features.

Varkala Beach is located in Kerala with Sea Cliffs for wonderful sunset views as its Geographical features.

Aguda Beach is located in Goa with huge hill dominates the southern side of the beach as its Geographical features.

OM Beach is located in Karnataka. Two semi-circular caves that join together forming the inverted symbol of OM.

Marari Beach is located in Kerala with Saddle like rock(Hammock) Beach as its Geographical features.

The Government of Tamil Nadu has recognized the importance of tourism long ago and facilitated its development in desired directions. Exploring new avenues like medical tourism and adventure tourism in the past decades have helped Tamil Nadu tourism to achieve more than twenty percent annual growth. Tamil Nadu earns the largest share of income from tourism in India.

Tamil Nadu is a state popularly known as land of Temples and has been the greatest source for spiritual rejunuvation for travellers all over the world.

The state of Tamil Nadu is home to around 33,000 ancient temples that mainly belongs to Dravidian style of architecture. Some of the World -renowned religious destinations are as follows: Thanjavur Big temple, Madurai Meenakshi temple, Rameswaram Ramanathaswami temple, Temples of Kancheepuram, Velankanni Madha church and Nagore Dargah.

Ooty - Queen of Hills Yercaud - Lake forest (Poor Man's Ooty).

Tamil Nadu being situated in the Southern end of the Western and Eastern Ghats, is the home for several hill stations. Popular among them are Udagamandalam (Ooty), Kodaikanal, Yercaud, Coonoor, Valparai, Yelagiri, Sirumalai, Kalrayan Hills and Palani Hills, Shevroy hills and Cardamom Hills.

Yelagiri - 14 hairpin bends Kodaikanal - Princess of Hill Stations Kotagiri - Green Hills

Kolli Hills - motor able terrain with 70 hairpin bends Anaimalai Hills - Top slip Meghamalai - High wavy mountains

Kotagiri - Green Hills Velliangiri Hills - Kailash of the South Javadi - Nature’s Heaven

Hogenakal falls: It is a beautiful waterfall located in Dharmapuri district. It is the part where Cauvery enters Tamil Nadu.

River Pambar cascades to form Kumbakkarai fall at the foot hills of Kodaikanal in Theni district.

Monkey falls This waterfall lies on Anaimalai hills range in Coimbatore surrounded by Evergreen forests. Killiyur falls Situated in the shervarayon hill ranges of the Eastern Ghat.

Courtallam waterfalls is located in Tirunelveli district in Tamil Nadu. It is known for medical spa.

Agaya Gangai is a waterfall in Puliacholai on Kolli Hills in Eatern Ghats of Namakkal district.

Suruli Falls is also called as Cloud Land falls (or) Meghamalai falls. It is located in Theni district.

Wildlife sanctuary in Tamil Nadu includes Bird sanctuaries and National Parks. Tamil Nadu is also well known for the diverse natural heritage that it possesses. Hence tourists are highly excited about the wildlife tour across the state.

The total area of Tamil Nadu is approximately 130,058 sq.km. 17.6% of the land area comprises of thick forests. Visitors will get to watch a smooth blend of wet evergreen forest, dry and wet deciduous forests, grasslands, sholas, mangroves and thorny scrubs.

Mudumalai Wildlife Sanctuary Nilgiris 2. Mundanthurai Wildlife Sanctuary Tirunelveli 3. Point Calimere Wildlife Sanctuary Nagapattinam 4. Indira Gandhi Wildlife Sanctuary Coimbatore 5. Kalakad Wildlife Sanctuary Tirunelveli

Vettangudi birds Sanctuary Sivagangai 2. Karaivetti birds Sanctuary Ariyalur 3. Vellode birds Sanctuary Erode 4. Vedanthangal birds Sanctuary Kancheepuram

Vettangudi birds Sanctuary Sivagangai 2. Karaivetti birds Sanctuary Ariyalur 3. Vellode birds Sanctuary Erode 4. Vedanthangal birds Sanctuary Kancheepuram

Guindy National Park Chennai 2. Gulf of Mannar Marine Park Ramanathapuram 3. Indira Gandhi National Park Coimbatore 4. Mukurthi National Park Nilgiris 5. Mudumalai National Park Nilgiris

Guindy National Park Chennai 2. Gulf of Mannar Marine Park Ramanathapuram 3. Indira Gandhi National Park Coimbatore 4. Mukurthi National Park Nilgiris 5. Mudumalai National Park Nilgiris

Kovalam Beach Kanchipuram Small fishing village 2. Marina Beach Chennai Second longest urban beach 3. Kanyakumari Beach Multi-coloured sand

Rameshwaram Beach Waveless beach Elliot Beach Chennai Beautiful beach active in day & night Mahabalipuram Beach Kanchipuram Architectural and Archeological beach

• Silver Beach Cuddalore - Water sports is the entertainment • Muttukadu Beach - Kanchipuram Calm and Shallow