Land and Oceans Online Test – 6th Social Science Lesson 6 Questions in English

The Pangea is the Super Continent, and the Sea around is Panthalasa. It was 200 million years ago, when these landmasses moved away from each other to gain the present position as continents and oceans.

The movement of the continental mass is due to Nothing other than the internal heat of the Earth.

The Earth is covered by water which occupies 71 percent and land that occupies 29 percent of the Earth’s surface.

The surface of the Earth is not even, because it has lofty mountains, deep oceans and other landforms. These landforms can be classified as first, second and third order landforms.

Continents and oceans are grouped as first order landforms. The vast land masses on Earth are called Continents and huge water bodies are called Oceans. There are seven continents. They are Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Antarctica, Europe and Australia. Asia is the largest continent, whereas Australia is the smallest one.

Kurinji - Mountain and its environs 2. Mullai - Forest and its surroundings 3. Marutham - Agricultural land and its adjoining areas. 4. Neithal - Sea and its environs 5. Palai - Desert region

Apart from continents, there are five oceans located on the Earth’s surface. They are the Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, Southern and Arctic Ocean. Among these oceans, the Pacific Ocean is the largest and the Arctic Ocean is the smallest

Isthumus is a narrow strip of land which connects two large landmasses or separates two large waterbodies.

A landform that rises 600 metre above its surroundings and has steep slopes is called a mountain.

Mountains are found in isolation or in groups. If the mountains extend for a larger area continuously, it is called a mountain range. These ranges stretch for hundreds or thousands of kilometres.

December 11 International Mountain Day. Mountains are found in isolation or in groups. A landform that rises 600 metre above its surroundings and has steep slopes is called a mountain.

The Himalayas of Asia, the Rocky Mountains of North America and the Andes of South America are such examples.

The Andes mountain in South America is the longest mountain range (7,000 km) in the world.

The highest point of a mountain is known as peak. Mt. Everest is the highest peak (8,848 m) in the world.

The highest point of a mountain is known as peak. Mt. Everest is the highest peak (8,848 m) in the world. Mt. Everest is located in Nepal

Plateaus are the elevated portions of the Earth that have flat surfaces bounded by steep slopes. Tibetan Plateau is the highest plateau in the world. So, it is called as the ‘Roof of the world’.

Plateaus are the elevated portions of the Earth that have flat surfaces bounded by steep slopes. The elevation of plateaus may be a few hundred metre or several thousand metre. The flat-topped part of the plateau is called Tableland.

The Deccan Plateau in peninsular India is of volcanic origin. Plateaus are the elevated portions of the Earth that have flat surfaces bounded by steep slopes.

The Chotanagpur Plateau is one of the mineral rich plateaus in India. Therefore, mining is one of the major activities of the people living here.

Dharmapuri Plateau, Coimbatore Plateau and Madurai Plateau are found in Tamil Nadu.

Plains are a flat and relatively low-lying lands. Plains are usually less than 200 metre above sea level.

The plains have been the cradle of civilisations from the earliest times. For example: the Indus in India, the Nile valley in Egypt are some of the early civilisations which developed and flourished.

Most plains are formed by rivers and their tributaries and distributaries. These plains are used extensively for agriculture due to the availability of water and fertile soil.

The oldest civilisations like the Mesopotamian and the Indus civilisations developed in river plains. The Indo-Gangetic plain in North India is one of the largest plains in the world.

Third order landforms are formed on mountains, plateaus and plains mainly by erosional and depositional activities of rivers, glaciers, winds and waves

Valleys, beaches and sand dunes are some examples of third order landform.

Erosion is the process of removal of surface material from the Earth's crust. The eroded materials are transported and deposited on the low-lying areas. This process is called as Deposition.

The Earth looks blue when we see it from space. This is because, two-thirds of it is covered by water. The water is found in oceans and seas.

The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest ocean on the Earth. It covers about one-third of the Earth’s total area and spreads for about 168.72 million sq.km.

Pacific Ocean is bounded by Asia and Australia in its west and North America and South America in its east. It stretches from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean in the south.

The Pacific Ocean shape is roughly triangular in shape. If Mount Everest, which is the highest point (8,848 metres) was plugged into the Mariana Trench, still there would be 2,146 metres of water left.

The Pacific Ocean shape is roughly triangular with its apex in the north at the Bering Strait which connects the Pacific Ocean with the Arctic Ocean.

The Bering Sea, the China Sea, the Sea of Japan, Tasman Sea and the Philippine Sea are some of the marginal seas of the Pacific Ocean.

Indonesia, Philippines, Japan, Hawaii, New Zealand are some of the islands located in Pacific Ocean.

The deepest point Mariana Trench is 10,994 m and is located in the Pacific Ocean. If Mount Everest, which is the highest point (8,848 metres) was plugged into the Mariana Trench, still there would be 2,146 metres of water left.

A chain of volcanoes is located around the Pacific Ocean called the Pacific Ring of Fire.

The Spanish navigator Ferdinand Magellan named the ocean Pacific, meaning calm or tranquil.

The Atlantic Ocean is the second largest ocean on the Earth. It covers one sixth of the Earth’s total area and spreads for about 85.13 million sq.km.

The shape of the Atlantic Ocean resembles the letter ‘S’. It is bounded by North America and South America in the west and Europe and Africa in the east. Like the Pacific, it stretches from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean in the south.

The Strait of Gibraltar connects the Atlantic Ocean with the Mediterranean Sea. It is bounded by North America and South America in the west and Europe and Africa in the east. Like the Pacific, it stretches from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean in the south.

The Atlantic Ocean is the busiest shipping route between the Eastern and Western hemispheres.

The deepest point is the Milwaukee Deep in the Puerto Rica Trench. It has a depth of about 8600 m.

The Caribbean Sea, the Gulf of Mexico, the North Sea, the Gulf of Guinea and the Mediterranean Sea are important marginal seas of the Atlantic Ocean.

St. Helena, Newfoundland, Iceland and Falkland are some of the islands found in the Atlantic Ocean.

The Indian Ocean is the third largest ocean on the Earth’s surface. It covers an area of about 70.56 million sq.km. It is named after India.

The Indian Ocean is triangular in shape and bounded by Africa in the west, Asia in the north and Australia in the east.

Malacca strait connects the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean. Palk Strait connects the Bay of Bengal and Palk Bay.

The Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Lakshadweep, Maldives, Sri Lanka, Mauritius and the Reunion Islands are some of the islands located in the Indian Ocean.

6° Channel separates Indira Point and Indonesia. 8° Channel separates Maldives and Minicoy islands.

The Bay of Bengal, the Arabian Sea, the Persian Gulf and the Red Sea are some of the important marginal seas of the Indian Ocean.

The Java trench (7,725 m) is the deepest point in the Indian Ocean. Malacca strait connects the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean.

9° Channel separates Lakshadweep Islands and Minicoy islands. 10° Channel separates Andaman and Nicobar Islands.

The Southern Ocean surrounds the continent of Antarctica and is enclosed by the 60°S latitude. It covers an area of 21.96 million sq.km.

The Southern Ocean is bordered by the southern parts of the Pacific, the Atlantic and the Indian Oceans.

The Ross Sea, the Weddell Sea and the Davis Sea are the marginal seas of the Southern Ocean.

Farewell Island, Bowman Island and Hearst Island are some of the islands located in Southern Ocean.

The deepest point in the Southern Ocean is South Sandwich Trench with a depth of 7,235 m. The water in this ocean is very cold. Much of it is covered by sea ice.

The Arctic Ocean is the smallest ocean. It covers an area of 15.56 million sq.km. It lies within the Arctic Circle.

Greenland, New Siberian Island and Novaya Zemlya Island are some of the islands located in the Arctic Ocean.

The Norwegian Sea, the Greenland Sea, the East Siberian Sea and the Barents Sea are some of the marginal seas of the Arctic ocean.

The North Pole is situated in the middle of the Arctic Ocean. The Eurasian Basin is the deepest point in the Arctic Ocean.

The Eurasian Basin is the deepest point in the Arctic Ocean, which is about 5,449 m- in depth.