India’s International Relations Online Test 10th Social Science Lesson 21 Questions in English

The first Prime Minister of India Jawaharlal Nehru stated “We can neither be absolutely dependent or independent, but we live in a world of interdependence.”

Independent India has been consistently fostering world peace and international cooperation.India abjured military alliances but has been active in cooperating and co-coordinating with other nations for peace and economic development.

India would prefer a peaceful, wealthy neighborhood responsive to its own needs and wishes. India has always been known as a peace-loving country and has strived hard to champion the cause of peace in the world.

Being a country with a huge population, India is surrounded by many neighboring countries with whom she has traditionally tried to maintain friendly and good neighborly relations. India’s neighbors had been a part of a homogenous culture prevailing in the Indian subcontinent for last five thousand years.

India is a vast country with Pakistan and Afghanistan to the north-west and China, Nepal, Bhutan to the north.

Sri Lanka from south-east and Maldives from south-west are two countries that lie close to India separated by the Indian Ocean. India has cordial historical, religious, economic, ethnic and linguistic relationship with all of these countries.

India is a vast country with Pakistan and Afghanistan to the north-west and China, Nepal, Bhutan to the north, Bangladesh to the east, Myanmar to the Far East. Sri Lanka from south-east and Maldives from south-west are two countries that lie close to India separated by the Indian Ocean.

The countries that share the most number of neighbors touching its borders are China and Russia.

Indo-Afghan relation was strengthened by the Strategic Partnership Agreement (SPA). SPA provides assistance to re-build Afghan’s infrastructure, institutions, agriculture, water, education, health and providing duty-free access to the Indian market.

India helped Afghans in the construction of Salma Dam in the Heart Province.

During the reign of Kanishka a large number of Indian missionaries went to China, Central Asia and Afghanistan to preach their religion.

Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan of Baluchistan a border province in today’s Pakistan was a prominent leader of the Indian Independence movement and active supporter of the Indian National Congress.

India announced 500 scholarships for the children of the martyrs of Afghan Security Forces in school and colleges both in Afghanistan and in India. India is also supporting Afghanistan to improve its public health and small-scale industries.

India is at the forefront of the promotion of investment in Afghanistan and a consortium of public and private Indian companies has been selected to make one of the biggest investments in the mining sector.

To harness India’s sports potential India has built Kandahar International Cricket Stadium in Afghanistan.

India is contributing proactively to the development of Afghanistan in the form of monetary aids and funds.

India was the first nation to acknowledge Bangladesh the former East Pakistan as an independent country.

Bangladesh was known as East Pakistan is an independent country.

India and Bangladesh share the longest land boundary of 4096.7 kilometers.

India has plans to implement the proposed rail connectivity between Agartala, India and Akhaura, Bangladesh.

Bangladesh has granted India road transit facility through its territories from Kolkata to Agartala via Dhaka under BBIN-MVA Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, and Nepal Motor Vehicle Agreement.

The Farakka accord on sharing of Ganga waters signed in 1977 is a historic agreement between India and Bangladesh.

India and Bangladesh share 54 common rivers and a bilateral Joint River Commission is working to maximize benefits from common river systems. The Farakka accord on sharing of Ganga waters signed in 1977 is a historic agreement between India and Bangladesh.

The Government of India provides grant assistance for project under ‘Aid to Bangladesh’ for the construction of buildings, laboratories, dispensaries and deep tube wells.

The scholarships are granted by ICCR (Indian Council for Cultural Relations) every year to students from Bangladesh and it has initiated a Tagore Chair in University of Dhaka.

The scholarships are granted by ICCR (Indian Council for Cultural Relations) every year to students from Bangladesh and it has initiated a Tagore Chair in University of Dhaka.

The India and Bangladesh jointly inaugurated the construction of 130-kilometre Friendship Pipeline between Siliguri in West Bengal and Parbatipur, Bangladesh.

The Teen Bigha Corridor is a strip of land belonging to India on the West Bengal–Bangladesh border, which was leased to Bangladesh in 2011.

Bhutan a small Himalayan kingdom popularly known as a land of thunderbolt is one of the poorest countries of the world.

The diplomatic relations between India and Bhutan were established in 1968 with the appointments of a resident representative of India in Thimphu.

Bhutan is a landlocked nation. So it is highly dependent on India for access to sea.

India is the principal contributor in the economic development of Bhutan. India declared the bilateral trade relation known as ‘Bharat to Bhutan’ (B2B).

India provides scholarship to Bhutanese students to study in prestigious institutions of higher learning and offered help in setting up a digital library in Bhutan.

The prestigious Nehru-Wangchuk Scholarship is being awarded to deserving and talented Bhutanese nationals to undertake studies in selected premier Indian educational institutions. India provides scholarship to Bhutanese students to study in prestigious institutions of higher learning.

The Hydro power sector represents one of the main indicators of bilateral co-operation between India and Bhutan. So far, Government of India has constructed three hydroelectric projects in Bhutan.

The hydropower sector represents one of the main indicators of bilateral co-operation between India and Bhutan. So far, Government of India has constructed three hydroelectric projects in Bhutan in Chukha, Kurichchu and Tala.

India has helped Bhutan in developing that country’s infrastructure by establishing telecommunication and in the construction of hospitals, roads and bridges.

Guru Padmasambhava a Buddhist saint who went to Bhutan from India played an influential role in spreading Buddhism and cementing traditional ties between people of both nations.

In terms of geographic and demographic dimension, skilled manpower and civilizational depth China is the only country in the region which qualifies for comparison with India.

India and China share similarity of view on many fronts like World Trade Organization, international climate change talks and reforms of the World Bank.

Shanghai Cooperation Organization, which was China’s initiative, has granted the observer status to India while SAARC had granted the observer status to China.

Both sides of China and India have established more dialogue mechanisms covering diverse sectors. Bilateral trade has registered enormous growth. India and China have signed an educational exchange program. Under this agreement, scholarships are awarded to 25 students by both sides in recognized institutions of higher learning in each other’s country.

McMahon Line is the boundary line between India and China, east of Bhutan.

McMahon line was determined 1914 at a conference of representatives of British India, Tibet and China. The Secretary of State for India in British Cabinet, Arthur Henry McMahon represented British India at the Conference.

McMahon line was determined 1914 at a conference of representatives of British India, Tibet and China. The Secretary of State for India in British Cabinet, Arthur Henry McMahon represented British India at the Conference.

Maldives is located south of Lakshadweep Islands in the Indian Ocean.

The relationship with Maldives is important for India given its strategic location and geographical proximity. Trade and tourism are being developed between the two countries.

India and Maldives share ethnic, linguistic, cultural, religious and commercial links steeped in antiquity and enjoy cordial and multi-dimensional relations. Both countries have agreed to Strengthen cooperation to enhance maritime security in the Indian Ocean Region through Coordinated patrolling and aerial surveillance and exchange of information.

India’s second largest border is shared with Myanmar known as Burma till 1989.

Four North-Eastern Indian states Arunachala Pradesh, Nagaland, Manipur and Mizoram also share their borders with Myanmar.

Myanmar is India’s gateway to South East Asia.

India is building the Kaladan Multi-Model Transit Transport a road-river-port cargo transport project to link Kolkata to Sittwe in Myanmar.

Myanmar is an important partner in India’s energy needs for petroleum and natural gas.

The Indian companies such as Essar, GAIL and ONGC, Videsh Ltd. had invested in Myanmar’s energy sector.

Nepal is a natural buffer between India and China.

Nepal being a small landlocked country depends on India for economic support and transit facilities.

India shares borders in five Indian states Sikkim, West Bengal, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand with Nepal.

India built the 204-kilometre long Mahendra Raj Marg to link Kathmandu and India.

Nepal is endowed with fast-flowing rivers and its terrain is ideal for hydroelectric power generation. India has taken up the work of 5600 MW Pancheshwar project which remained stalled for 18 years after agreement.

Nepali and Indian people visit each other’s country for religious pilgrimage. Pashupati and Janakpur are traditional centers in Nepal whereas Varanasi and the four Dhaams Badrinath, Puri, Dwaraka and Rameshwaram are important pilgrimage destinations in India.

The bond of friendship further increased when India included Nepalese language in the VIII schedule of the Constitution.

A joint hydropower project is being built on the Sharda River. This power plant helps both India and Nepal with respect to electricity production and irrigation facilities.

The governments of India and Nepal have signed three sister-city agreements for twinning of Kathmandu-Varanasi, Lumbini-Bodhgaya and Janakpur-Ayodhya.

The bifurcation of territory demarcated India and Pakistan in 1947.

Pakistan has been antagonistic when maintaining relations with India. But India has made extreme efforts to improve and stabilize relations with Pakistan.

The Ceasefire line determined in 1949 was called the LoC after 1972.

The boundary agreed between India and Pakistan under the Shimla Agreement of 1972. It was called Radcliffe Line at the time of partition in1947. The Sri Lankan investments in India include Brandix garment city in Vishakhapatnam.

Kashmir is the bone of contention between India and Pakistan which has brought the two countries into an open clash many times. Cross-border terrorism is a major irritant. India tried to bring a positive change in the relationship of the two countries.

India tried to bring a positive change in the relationship of the two countries through bilateral agreements such as Shimla Agreement and Lahore Declaration.

India has cultural, historical and religious ties with Sri Lanka separated by the narrow expanse of the Palk Strait.

India and Sri Lanka have shared excellent trade relations committing to each other in both bilateral free trade agreements as well as developing interactions through SAARC.

The relationship between India and Sri Lanka can generally be termed as friendly. India and Sri Lanka has conventionally close to each other. India is among the top investors in Sri Lanka and its investments are in diverse areas. India has cultural, historical and religious ties with Sri Lanka.

India is among the top investors in Sri Lanka and its investments are in diverse areas including petroleum retail, IT, real estate, telecommunication and tourism.

India offers scholarship slots annually to deserving Sri Lankan students. Sri Lanka is also a partner in Nalanda University Project of India.

Ashoka had sent his son Mahinda and daughter Sangamitra to Ceylon or Sri Lanka for the propagation of Buddhism. Chola kings Rajaraja I and Rajendra I conquered the northern part of Ceylon.

A developed country is a sovereign state that has a highly developed economy and advanced technological infrastructure relative to other less industrialized nations such as USA, Japan, Australia and European countries.

A developed country is a sovereign state that has a highly developed economy and advanced technological infrastructure.

India and the United States of America have signed a Communications Compatibility and Security Agreement (COMCASA). Mumbai–Ahmedabad High Speed Railway MAHSR is another area of co-operation of Japan’s Shinkansen system. It is a highest class of high-speed railway system with safety and accuracy. Australia and India are committed to working together to enhance maritime co-operation with India’s bilateral naval exercise, AUSINDEX.

India and the United States of America have signed a Communications Compatibility and Security Agreement (COMCASA) that will lead to a new generation of bilateral military partnership. It is valid for a period of 10 years.

There has been a significant progress in all areas particularly the growing cooperation and exchanges include defense, counterterrorism, nuclear energy and space. French space launch pads are used by ISRO.

India and France are cooperating on developing smart cities Chandigarh, Nagpur and Pondicherry.

The Australia India Council broadens the relationship between Australia and India raising awareness and promoting exchanges. India and Australia have built strategic trust over the years slowly yet steadily.

India decided to introduce the Japan’s Shinkansen system. It is a highest class of high-speed railway system with safety and accuracy.

The Government of Japan has offered 20 seats per year to Indian nationals for a master’s degree course in the University of Japan for serving the Indian Railways.

In the manufacturing sector Japan announced its co-operation of training 30,000 Indian people in the Japan India Institute of Manufacturing (JIM) providing Japanese style manufacturing skills to enhance India’s manufacturing industry base and contribute to ‘Make in India’ and ‘Skill India’ initiatives.

In 2017 the first four JIMs were started in the states of Gujarat, Karnataka, Rajasthan and Tamil Nadu.

The two Japanese Endowed Courses in engineering colleges, JEC was established in Andhra Pradesh.

West Asia includes Egypt, the Arabian Peninsula, Turkey and Iran. India and West Asia enjoy pre-historical ties.

India and West Asia enjoy pre-historical ties. Trade relations were established between the civilizations of Mesopotamia and the Indus Valley.

A trilateral agreement called the Chabahar Agreement was signed between India, Afghanistan and Iran, which has led to the establishment of transit and transport corridor among three countries using Chabahar port.

One of the oldest maritime trading routes ran from ancient Sumeria via Bahrain to the Indus Civilization called Meluha.

India is a potential superpower and has a growing international influence all around the world. Being a newly industrialized country, India has a great history of collaboration with several countries.

Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa are leading emerging economies and political powers at the regional and international level.

The BRICS organization’s headquarters is in Shanghai, China.

BRICS opened up a possibility for countries of the Global South to challenge the Global North. India is an active member and this collaboration paves way for India to build its global profile.

Reason for the formation of BRICS To be an alternative to World Bank and IMF To challenge U.S. supremacy To provide self-owned and self-managed organizations to carry out developmental and Economical plans in its member nations

The Objectives of BRICS are achieving regional development; it acts as a bridge between developed and developing countries.

The acronym BRICS was coined by Jim O’Neill, a famous British economist. He Predicted that by year 2050 Brazil, Russia, India and China would become bigger than the six most industrialized nations in dollar terms and would completely change the power dynamics of the last 300 years.

The Contingent Reserve Arrangement (CRA) is a framework for providing protection against global liquidity pressures which includes currency issues.

At the 2015 BRICS Summit, ministers from the BRICS nations initiated consultations a payment system that would be an alternative to the Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication (SWIFT) system.

Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia and Venezuela are the OPEC’s Founder Members.

OPEC the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries is a group of oil producing Nations. It is an intergovernmental organization founded in Baghdad, Iraq, and headquartered in Vienna, Austria. There are three categories of memberships: Founder Members, Full Members and Associate Members.

The OPEC LOGO is the result of an international design competition held in 1969. An Austrian designer Svoboda won the competition with her design, which combined the different letters of the organization’s name in a rounded design.

The OPEC’s mission To coordinate oil policies in its member countries Help stabilize oil markets To secure fair and stable income to petroleum producers An efficient, economic and regular supply of oil to consuming nations A fair return on capital to those investing in the petroleum industry

The OPEC Fund for International Development (OPID) is an institution that helps finance projects with low interest loans. OPEC has an Information Centre with over 20,000 volumes including books, reports, maps and conference proceedings related to petroleum, energy and the oil market. The Information Centre is open to the public and is often used by researchers and students.

India is one of the biggest consumers of crude oil. OPEC obviously has vested interest in India’s economic growth.

India has been identified as a great partner for OPEC mainly because of its high oil demand. India doesn’t have enough oil reserves. India can’t produce oil. Devoid of necessary oil reserves India strongly focuses on agriculture, and industrial production.

The IBSA consists of India, Brazil, and South Africa which focuses on agriculture, education, energy, trade, culture and defense among others.

The Members of the BCIM are Bangladesh, China, India, and Myanmar.

The Mekong Ganga cooperation was created to develop necessary infrastructural facilities in the Ganga Mekong basin. India, Cambodia, Laos, PDR, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam are the active members of this organization.

The BIMSTEC, Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectorial Technical and Economic Cooperation has Bangladesh, India, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Bhutan and Nepal as its members.

The members of RCEP are Australia, Brunei, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, New Zealand, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam. The main objective of RCEP are to achieve modern high quality and mutually beneficial agreement that covers trade in goods, trade in service, investments, technical cooperation dispute settlement and other issues.

The RCEP stands for Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership.

The BBIN consists of Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, and Nepal as its members and the objective of this organization is for energy development.

The members of GCC, Gulf Cooperation Council are Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates and India.

The SCO was founded on 26 April 1996 with five nations as it initial members.

The Shanghai cooperation Organization members are India, Kazakhstan, China, Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan, Russia, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. It aims for security-related concerns, resolving border issues, intelligence sharing and countering terrorism.

The EAS, East Asia Summit objective is to promote peace and stability.

The 19th SCO summit meeting was held on June 13, 2019 at Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan and the participating countries signed 14 agreements.